In the field of oil and gas extraction and processing industries, based on safety and economic considerations, it is objectively required that every link of the entire project needs to be completed under strict control. This situation has become the environment of the oil and gas industry. An important basis for the universal use of middle meters. The status and function of the instrument requires that the relevant staff must pay full attention to their working conditions. Only ensuring the health of the instrument system is a solid foundation for the stable development of the entire oil and gas industry.

1. Analysis of instrument work in oil and gas working environment

At present, the instruments in the oil and gas industry environment are showing a new trend in automation with the deepening of the information age. At the same time, another aspect that cannot be ignored is that the amount of instrument-based data also shows a significant increase. The main development direction of these two aspects means that in the petroleum industry environment, based on the consideration of safety, economy, and efficiency, there will be more instruments participating in the monitoring of the entire industrial environment, and it will inevitably be in the data In terms of transmission and acquisition, it shows stronger real-time characteristics.

To achieve a more efficient troubleshooting of instrument faults in the oil and natural gas working environment, first of all, the relevant working characteristics of the instrument should be further analyzed. First of all, in this working environment, the responsibilities of the instrument are usually based on the four main aspects of temperature, pressure, flow, and liquid level. Instruments that pay attention to different aspects of work characteristics are also very different in terms of working principles and fault performance. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the efficiency of its troubleshooting work and improve the health of the instrument system itself, it is first necessary to conduct in-depth study and understanding of the working principles and performance characteristics of the instrument itself, from the design plan and design intent to the instrument itself. The structure, performance, and parameters all need to be understood. Only in this way can we accurately determine the cause of the failure at the first time when a failure occurs, and use the shortest time to start maintenance and recovery work.

In addition, for the monitoring and maintenance of instrument failures, the construction of data systems under the current information environment should also be strengthened. Through the powerful database construction of the data center and artificial intelligence and other related technologies, strengthen and in-depth analysis and understanding of the meter feedback data can help the staff find the fault performance in the meter system in the first time, and use historical data and other horizontal comparisons. This data serves as a supporting basis to help realize decision-making analysis. The continuous improvement of the data system itself is an important means to discover instrument failures and improve the ability of potential failures. Only by persisting in order to achieve a good medicine effect.

Finally, an aspect that cannot be ignored is the construction of professional troubleshooting and maintenance teams. A work team that is more familiar with the internal knowledge of the instrument system must be able to perform outstandingly in the face of failures, which is important for reducing the impact of the failure on the system itself. Damage has a positive meaning. In actual work, we can consider setting up a platform for effective and free communication for related staff groups. Not only in the network, but also in reality, we should consider establishing a suitable environment for maintenance and overhaul staff to communicate to ensure Relevant fault indications can effectively achieve communication at a high speed. Only in this way can the instrument system be politely guaranteed from the personnel level.

2. Analysis of common failures of the instrument

Through the analysis of the characteristics of the instrument system in the oil and gas industry environment, it can be found that strengthening the construction of the support system can effectively help improve the overall health of the instrument system, and there is no doubt that there is an unquestionable positiveness in the rapid and effective troubleshooting and work recovery after the failure occurs. value. But at the same time, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding and understanding of the common failures of instruments with different working characteristics. Only in this way is a powerful guarantee for realizing rapid troubleshooting.

All in all, the fault characteristics of the instrument system in the working environment of an oil and gas field can be divided into the following four main aspects based on the attributes of the instrument itself.

2.1 Failure analysis of temperature control instrument system

For temperature control instruments, electric instruments are usually used to achieve measurement, indication and control, and the measurement of such instruments usually exhibits more obvious time lag characteristics. For this instrument, if its indication is suddenly expressed as an extreme value, or there is a sudden fluctuation, it means that the instrument may be malfunctioning. Because, for the production environment of petroleum and gas fields, the usual temperature will remain relatively stable. For instruments that suddenly indicate extreme values, consider whether there are faults such as thermocouples, thermal resistances, compensation wires, or transmitter amplifier failures; and for large fluctuations or rapid oscillations in the displayed value, then Should be based on the relevant parameter settings and personnel operation confirmation on the basis of error, focus on whether the instrument control system itself is malfunctioning.

2.2 Failure analysis of pressure control instrument system

Relatively speaking, the failure problem faced by the pressure control instrument system will be relatively simple. There are two usual manifestations. One is the rapid fluctuation of the value indicated by the meter, and the other is a dead line. For faults with oscillating performance, first check whether there are changes in the process operation, and on this basis, consider whether there are unsuitable sub-conditions in the PID parameters. In the case of dead wires, usually the fault will be concentrated in the pressure measurement system. You can first check whether there is any blockage in the measurement pressure pipe system, and secondly, check whether the pressure transmitter output system has changed, and whether the pressure transmitter output system has changed. The instrument measurement indicates whether the system is healthy.

2.3 Failure analysis of flow control instrument system

Flow control instruments are relatively important for the oil and gas industry environment, and related fault conditions are also relatively complicated. When the indicated value of the flow control instrument system reaches the minimum, it is necessary to start the confirmation of the on-site detection instrument first, and determine the location of the fault by checking the opening of the regulating valve. If the on-site inspection instrument indicates the same minimum and the regulating valve opening is normal, it should be considered whether the fault exists in the system pressure is not enough, the system pipeline is blocked, the pump is not up, the medium is crystallized, and the operation is improper. If the fault exists in the instrument, you need to investigate whether the orifice differential pressure flowmeter has problems such as gear jamming. When both the flow control instrument and the detection instrument show the maximum value, the regulating valve can be manually controlled to determine whether the fault is due to the process operation through the flow change.

2.4 Failure analysis of liquid level control instrument system

When the liquid level control instrument system fails, you should first check the status of the detection instrument. When the detection instrument is normal, you can change it to manual control to check the status. If manual control still fails to stabilize the liquid level, it should be confirmed as a process failure. When the liquid level control system is inconsistent with the on-site read-only indicating instrument, it is necessary to check the negative pressure guiding tube sealing liquid of the differential pressure liquid level instrument on the premise of confirming that the on-site instrument is normal to ensure that there is no leakage. And according to the actual situation to confirm and correct the negative migration amount of the instrument. When the indication value of the liquid level control instrument system fluctuates severely, it is necessary to analyze the volume of the liquid level control object first, and distinguish whether it is caused by an instrument failure or a process.

3. Conclusion

In the oil and gas industry environment, the normality of instrumentation is directly related to the safety and efficiency of the entire industrial environment, and indirectly affects the economic interests of the organization, so it needs to be paid special attention. In actual work, it is necessary to strengthen the summary of the characteristics of the working status of the instrument system, so that the correct judgment can be made in the shortest time when the fault occurs, and it can effectively support the further development of industrial work.